Material information

Nylon PA-6 is a strong and durable material with low friction coefficient, resistant to impact, wear and tear and weather conditions. Suitable for fasteners, electrical components, and machine components. Absorbs 2.8% of the air humidity, which is necessary for its flexibility, so it must be allowed to acclimatize for several days after production. Can become brittle when dried, in which case it is recommended to soak the products in water for at least 24 hours before mounting.

Depending on the type of the coarse material, natural nylon can be milky white, yellowish to honey yellow and may further yellow due to UV radiation. Due to the added colorants, the UV resistance of black nylon is generally higher. Nylon is resistant to solvents, oils and fats, but is not resistant to strong acids. The operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 80°C (long-term) to 120°C (short-term). Nylon is self-extinguishing. Best options for gluing are cyanoacrylates, contact rubber or two-component epoxy adhesives.

Nylon PA-66 is a strong and durable material with low friction coefficient, resistant to impact, wear and tear and weather conditions. Suitable for fasteners, electrical components, and machine components. Ideal for slide bearings and spacers between rotating parts thanks to its self-lubricant properties. Absorbs 2.3% of the air humidity, which is necessary for its flexibility, so it must be allowed to acclimatize for several days after production. Can become brittle when dried, in which case it is recommended to soak the products in water for at least 24 hours before mounting.

Depending on the type of the coarse material, natural nylon can be milky white, yellowish to honey yellow and may further yellow due to UV radiation. Due to the added colorants, the UV resistance of black nylon is generally higher. Nylon is resistant to solvents, oils and fats, but is not resistant to strong acids. The operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 80°C (long-term) to 120°C (short-term). Nylon is self-extinguishing. Best options for gluing are cyanoacrylates, contact rubber or two-component epoxy adhesives.

Polyethylene is a light, ductile, tough and impact-resistant material with good insulating properties and excellent resistance to most chemicals. It doesn't absorb almost any humidity. LD-PE is a low-density polyethylene – up to 0,94 g/cm³. Suitable for flexible covers, plugs and caps.

Compared to HD-PE (high-density), it has lower firmness and stiffness, is softer and more flexible. It is almost unbreakable due to its great flexibility. May become permanently brittle when exposed to sunlight for longer time. Natural LD-PE is translucent, of milky glass color. White LD-PE may lose its bright white color and turn yellow with age. The operating temperature is from 70°C (long-term) to 90°C (short-term), at maximum temperature without load. Melts at 105°C.  Polyethylene is flammable and very difficult to glue.

Polyethylene is a light, ductile, tough and impact-resistant material with good insulating properties and excellent resistance to most chemicals. It doesn't absorb almost any humidity. HD-PE is a high-density polyethylene, with density more than 0,94 g/cm³. Suitable for screw plugs and covers, spacers, washers and caps for internal use.

Compared to LD-PE (low-density), it has higher firmness and stiffness, it is also more tough and less pliable. Also, less flexible, but more scratch resistant. The operating temperature is 80°C (long-term) to 100°C (short-term), at maximum temperature without load. Melts at 125°C. Polyethylene is flammable and very difficult to glue.

Polyoxymethylene, also called polyacetal or acetal, is strong, rigid and tough material with low friction coefficient and good electrical insulating properties. It is minimally absorbent. POM absorbs 0,2% humidity from the air and 0,8% from water, which leads to its high dimensional stability even during permanent immersion. Suitable for production of gear wheels and other components with high requirements for accuracy and flexibility.

Compared to nylon, it has higher temperature resistance and mechanical strength and is a suitable replacement in applications where the use of nylon is out of the question. Natural polyoxymethylene has a matt white color. Resistant to solvents, oils and fats, but not resistant to strong acids. The operating temperature is from -50°C to 100°C (long-term) to 140°C (short-term). It is more difficult to glue. For gluing two POM parts together are most suitable solvent-based adhesives. For gluing with other components are most suitable cyanoacrylate adhesives for smaller areas and two-component epoxy adhesives for larger areas.

Polyketone is a strong and tough material showing excellent chemical resistance to solvents, oils, fuels and weak acids. It is minimally absorbent, absorbs 0.3% humidity from the air and 0.9% humidity when immersed in water. It is suitable for gears and other mechanical components with high requirements for accuracy and resistance to stress.

Compared to polyoxymethylene (acetal), it has a slightly higher dimensional stability and a significantly lower wear factor, thanks to which it offers a more efficient long-term transmission of force between the gear teeth as well as quieter operation. The operating temperature of the material is up to 100°C (long-term) to 140°C (short-term).

The addition of a plasticizer to the polyvinylchloride produces softened PVC, a flexible rubber-like material with good electrical insulating properties, showing high impact strength and good resistance to acids, alkalis and oils. Its specific properties depend to a large extent on the number of added additives and stabilizers and may change over time due to the gradual release of the plasticizer.

Softened PVC may contain 1% to 40% of plasticizer. The operating temperature of the material is up to 60°C (long-term) to 80 ° C (short-term). It can be easily glued, solvent-based rubber adhesives are best for gluing together parts from Z-PVC, for gluing to other materials the best option are contact rubber adhesives.

Information on REACH: Plasticized PVC contains more than 0.1% of di-isononyl phthalate (DINP), the use of which is prohibited in materials used in the manufacture of toys and childcare products, which children may be placing in their mouths (full text under No. 52 of Annex XVII of the European Directive 1907/2006 - REACH).

Thermoplastic rubber is tough material that is soft to the touch and exhibits high impact strength and resistance to bending fatigue even at low temperatures. It has good electrical insulating properties and excellent resistance to weather conditions and chemicals. It is a suitable alternative for softened PVC in terms of environmental impact. The temperature resistance range is from -40°C to 135°C.

Unlike thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) it is modified from SBS base material (styrene-butadiene-styrene). TPR has glossier surface and is suitable for applications where gluing is required. Suitable for gluing are cyanoacrylate, contact rubber or two-component epoxy adhesives.

PEEK® (polyether ether ketone) is durable, dimensionally stable and high-quality material with a low friction coefficient and excellent temperature and chemical resistance. It is less resistant to concentrated acids and solvents. PEEK® is difficult to ignite and at the same time it is self-extinguishing. It excels in wear and tear resistance and shows very good mechanical and electrical insulating properties even at high temperatures. It is suitable for use in difficult applications, for mechanically and thermally challenged parts and connecting components. It is resistant to X-rays.

The operating temperature of the material is up to 180 °C (long-term) to 240°C (short-term). Suitable for gluing are cyanoacrylate or reactive adhesives.

Polypropylene is almost non-absorbent and lightweight material with a bulk density of 0,92 g/cm³ with excellent mechanical, thermal and chemical resistance. It resists oils, alcohols, alkalis and weak acids and solvents very well. However, it is not resistant to oxidizing acids and organic solvents. It has good electrical insulating properties and is also scratch resistant.

The range of temperature applicability is from 5°C to 80°C (long-term) to 110°C (short-term). It becomes brittle at below zero temperatures and its mechanical properties deteriorate. It is difficult to glue. For gluing can be used cyanoacrylate adhesives, on larger areas modified acrylic adhesives.

Products made from a combination of materials 28 (thermoplastic elastomer) and 11 (polypropylene).

Products made from a combination of materials 28 (thermoplastic elastomer) and 11 (polypropylene).

Polystyrene is a hard but brittle material with low impact resistance. It absorbs less than 0,1% humidity even when immersed in water and has excellent insulating properties. It has limited chemical resistance. It is resistant to alkalis and non-oxidizing acids, but not TO solvents, fuels and oils. Under influence of age and weather it becomes brittle and its properties deteriorate, so it is unsuitable for long-term outdoor use. It is flammable and its heat resistance is low.

In its natural design, it has a matt white color. It can be used at temperatures up to 70°C (long-term) to 80°C (short-term). For gluing can be used solvent adhesives for small areas and reactive polyurethane or epoxy adhesives for larger areas.

Duroplast is a hard and rigid material based on a phenolic resin with an organic filler showing good thermal and electrical insulating properties. It has good resistance to deformation under loading but is brittle in the event of crash. It is non-flammable and resistant to most chemicals. It is suitable for thermally stressed heads and handles of control rods and screws. Duroplast products have a smooth and glossy surface with good scratch resistance.

It withstands temperatures up to 100°C (long-term) to 120°C (short-term). For gluing are suitable reactive and cyanoacrylate.

Nylon-6 reinforced with 30% glass fibers is a material suitable for applications with requirements for durability and resistance to application of load at high operating temperatures. Compared to unreinforced nylon, it has higher strength, stiffness and dimensional stability, but is less suitable for components between rotating parts due to the added glass fibers. Resistant to solvents, oils and fats, but not resistant to strong acids.

The operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 130°C (long-term) to 180°C (short-term).

Polystyrene is a hard but brittle material with low impact resistance. It absorbs less than 0.1% humidity even when immersed in water and has excellent insulating properties. It has limited chemical resistance. PS is resistant to alkalis and non-oxidizing acids, but is not resistant to solvents, fuels and oils. It becomes brittle under influence of weather and age and its properties deteriorate, so it is unsuitable for long-term outdoor use. It is flammable and its heat resistance is low.

In its natural design, it has a matt white color. It can be used at temperatures up to 70°C (long-term) to 80°C (short-term). For gluing can be used solvent adhesives for small areas and reactive polyurethane or epoxy adhesives for larger areas.

Butyl rubber is a flexible material suitable for outdoor use with good resistance to high and low temperatures, sunlight, ozone, humidity, water and steam. It has excellent insulating and damping properties. It is well resistant to alcohols and alkalis, animal and vegetable oils and fats, but is not suitable for use with petroleum oils, fuels and solvents. It can be used at temperatures up to 120°C.

ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) is a rigid, strong and impact-resistant material, which properties may vary depending on the ratio of basic components and the number of added additives. It has a glossy surface, is colorfast and has good scratch resistance. It is suitable for chrome-plated parts. Due to its low resistance to weather conditions, it is not recommended for outdoor use. Resistant to dilute acids and alkalis, vegetable and mineral oils and fats, but not resistant to concentrated acids and solvents.

The range of temperature applicability is from -20°C to 80°C. For gluing are suitable solvent or reactive polyurethane adhesives.

Polyurethane is a flexible and tough material with good resistance to abrasion, impact and fatigue. Depending on the structure, it is available in many degrees of hardness. It can change its shape under stress, but it returns to its original shape after the elimination of load. It is suitable for shock and vibration damping pads and bumpers preventing slipping on smooth surfaces. It has good resistance to water and oils, oils and greases.

Products made from a combination of materials 01 (nylon-6) and 20 (polyurethane).

Unfilled polycarbonate is a highly transparent material ideal for translucent applications. It retains its toughness, hardness and strength even at low and high temperatures. PC has high dimensional and thermal stability, excellent insulating properties and adequately resists weather conditions, but its chemical resistance is low. It is sensitive to scratches and less resistant to abrasion.

It can be used at temperatures from -40°C to 115°C (long-term) to 135°C (short-term). It can be glued with cyanoacrylate adhesives. For gluing on larger areas are most suitable reactive epoxy-based adhesives or solvent adhesives.

Polyvinylchloride (PVC) without added plasticizers is a strong, hard and impact-resistant material with good chemical resistance. His other properties are affected by the addition of additives and stabilizers. It is self-extinguishing, but when hit by a flame it burns and releases hydrogen chloride and other toxic substances into the air. It can be used at temperatures up to 80°C. Can be glued. The best options for gluing are solvent or reactive adhesives.

EPDM (ethylene-propylene-diene rubber) is an elastic material suitable for outdoor use with excellent resistance to weather conditions, UV radiation, ozone, humidity, water and steam. It is well resistant to animal and vegetable oils, alkalis and dilute acids, but is not suitable for use with petroleum oils, fuels and solvents. It can be used at temperatures up to 125°C.

Sealon is material based on SBC (styrene-butadiene copolymer). Suitable for cold-formed products such as seals or signets.

Silicone rubber is a flexible material with excellent resistance to high temperatures, UV radiation, ozone and humidity, which retains high flexibility even at low temperatures. It resists weak alkalis and dilute acids well, but is not suitable for use with concentrated acids, alkalis and solvents, oils and fuels. It is not resistant to long-term exposure to steam. High temperature silicone rubber can be used at temperatures up to 250°C (long-term) to 315°C (short-term).

Thermoplastic elastomer is a tough material showing high impact strength and resistance to bending fatigue even at low temperatures. It has good electrical insulating properties and excellent resistance to weather conditions and chemicals. It is a suitable alternative to softened PVC in terms of environmental impact. The temperature resistance range is from -50°C to 95°C.

Unlike thermoplastic rubber (TPR), it is modified from the base material SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene), has dimmer surface and is unsuitable for gluing.

Silicone rubber is a flexible material with excellent resistance to high temperatures, UV radiation, ozone and humidity, which retains high flexibility even at low temperatures. It resists weak alkalis and dilute acids well, but is not suitable for use with concentrated acids, alkalis and solvents, oils and fuels. It is not resistant to long-term exposure to steam. Common silicone rubber can be used at temperatures up to 150°C (long-term) to 180°C (short-term).

LD-PE UV stable contains 3% UV stabilizer Cordulen® UV 7989/PE. With a dosage of 1% UV stabilizer, LD-PE of 2 mm thickness reaches a value of ~1,000 kLy and with an expected annual dosage of UV radiation of 80-100 kLy in central and 100-120 kLy in southern Europe, is thus stabilized for over 8 years.

Glass fiber reinforced polyphenylene sulfide is a strong, rigid and hard material with excellent thermal and chemical resistance. It is non-absorbent and dimensionally stable even at high temperatures. It is non-flammable and self-extinguishing. It is suitable for use in extreme conditions where high electrical resistance is required. It can be used at temperatures up to 200°C.

Nylon-6 reinforced with 25% glass fibers is a material suitable for applications with requirements for durability and resistance to application of load at high operating temperatures. Compared to unreinforced nylon, it has higher strength, stiffness and dimensional stability, but is less suitable for components between rotating parts due to the added glass fibers. Resistant to solvents, oils and fats, but not resistant to strong acids.

The operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 130°C (long-term) to 180°C (short-term).

Polyoxymethylene, also called polyacetal or acetal, is a strong, rigid and tough material with good electrical insulating properties. It is dimensionally stable and wear and tear resistant.

Glass fiber reinforced POM withstands higher loads than unreinforced POM but is less flexible and more brittle as well as less suitable for components between rotating parts. Natural polyoxymethylene has a matt white color. Resistant to solvents, oils and fats, but not resistant to strong acids. The operating temperature ranges from -50°C to 100°C (long-term) to 140°C (short-term).

Acrylic-based polyurethane products with adhesive layer for gluing to metals, polycarbonates, ABS and acrylic plastics (groups 117 and 217).

PUR

Polyurethane products with a rubber-based adhesive layer for gluing to polypropylene, polyethylene and powder-coated materials (groups 117 and 217).

PA-66 CF PTFE

Nylon-66 containing carbon fibers and PTFE (Teflon) used for slide bearings (groups 008-2 and 103-1). See the separate sheet for more information.

PA-66 GF PTFE

Nylon-66 containing glass fibers and PTFE (Teflon) used for slide bearings (groups 008-3 and 103-2). See the separate sheet for more information.

PVDF

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a strong, non-absorbent and dimensionally stable material that retains its strength, rigidity and excellent chemical resistance even at high and low temperatures. It is resistant to weather conditions, UV stable, self-extinguishing and has good electrical insulating properties. It is resistant to mineral and organic acids, alcohols, solvents and oils, but is less resistant to alkalis. The range of temperature applicability is from -40°C to 140°C (long-term) to 160°C (short-term).

PA66 AF PTFE

Nylon-66 containing aramid fibers and PTFE (Teflon) used for slide bearings (groups 008-4 and 103-3). See the separate sheet for more information.

PTFE

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), known under the trade name Teflon, is a solid material with a wide range of thermal applicability and excellent resistance to the vast majority of chemicals even at elevated temperatures. It is non-absorbent and dimensionally stable even during long-term immersion in water. It is frost-resistant and resistant to weather conditions and aging. It has a low coefficient of friction and is suitable for sliding applications. It is non-flammable and has good electrical insulating properties, but by the addition of glass or carbon fibers it becomes electrically conductive. It can be used at temperatures up to 200°C (long-term) to 260°C (short-term). Can't be glued under normal conditions.

brass

Brass 2.0401 is a material with excellent machinability suitable for production of small parts with high demands on accuracy. The nickel-plated surface treatment retains its shine and increases resistance to mechanical wear.

Information on REACH: Brass 2.0401 contains lead in a concentration higher than 0.1% by weight, which is on the list of substances of very high concern (SVHC) and the use of which is prohibited in the manufacture of jewelry or its parts and products intended for the general public, if children may be placing these products or its parts in their mouth (complete text under No 63 of Annex XVII of European Directive 1907/2006 - REACH).

Mild (automatic) steel 1.0718 is an easily machinable material suitable for galvanic plating. It is used to produce small components with high requirements for accuracy and as surface finish in applications with lower demands on mechanical properties. It is unsuitable for welding. Zinc coating increases resistance to mechanical wear and corrosion.

Information on REACH: Steel 1.0718 contains lead in a concentration higher than 0.1% by weight, which is on the list of substances of very high concern (SVHC) and the use of which is prohibited in the manufacture of jewelry or its parts and products intended for the general public, if children may be placing these products or its parts in their mouth (complete text under No 63 of Annex XVII of European Directive 1907/2006 - REACH).

Stainless steel 1.4301 (A2-304) is a commonly used type of steel with a sulfur content of 0.02-0.03%. Excellent resistance to corrosion in the natural environment without increased concentrations of chlorides or acids. It is polishable and easily weldable and suitable for cold forming.

Stainless steel 1.4305 (A1-303) is a commonly used type of steel with a sulfur content of 0.15-0.35% suitable for automatic machining. Despite the higher sulfur content, it shows good corrosion resistance in the natural environment. It is polishable and polishing increases durability. It is unsuitable for welding.

Polyphthalamide (PPA) is a solid and rigid material which, compared to conventional nylons, has a higher mechanical and temperature resistance, is less hygroscopic and dimensionally stable. It is resistant to oils, fats, solvents, fuels, alcohols and alkalis, but not resistant to strong acids. It can be used at temperatures up to 140°C.

Iglidur® M250 is an abrasion resistant material showing very good wear resistance at average loads. It is resistant to common oils and greases. The operating temperature ranges from -40°C to 80°C (long-term) to 170°C (short-term).

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